Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Hasenclever, Lia
Data de Publicação: 2010
Outros Autores: Lopes, Rodrigo, Chaves, Gabriela Costa, Reis, Renata, Vieira, Marcela Fogaça
Tipo de documento: Artigo
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online)
Texto Completo: https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/13212
Resumo: The creation of the WTO has brought a series of multilateral agreements, including the TRIPS Agreement that regulates matter related to intellectual property rights. The Agreement established a "minimum standard" of protection, including the expansion of the scope of patentability for all fields of technology. Brazil, seeking to be TRIPS complied, went beyond its international obligations and included a mechanism known as pipeline patents: a temporary mechanism through which were accepted patents in fields of technology not previously recognized, including the pharmaceutical sector. 1182 patent applications were filled through this mechanism, among which are several medicines that are fundamental to public health. This article intends to discuss the pipeline patents from two perspectives: health economics and law. From the economic side, this paper presents a study that calculates the higher prices that Brazil paid for AIDS drugs, without any counterpart in investment on R&D. On the side of law, the pipeline patents are against a number of constitutional principles and also international treaties to which Brazil is a signatory. Finally, the article discusses how this mechanism has been handled by different actors of society, focusing on the analysis of direct action of unconstitutionality, proposed in 2009 by the Attorney General's Office in the Supreme Court. The article concludes that the introduction of the pipeline patent mechanism is frontally against the public interest.
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spelling Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy O instituto de patentes Pipeline e o acesso a medicamentos: aspectos econômicos e jurídicos deletérios à economia da saúde Economia da SaúdePatentes FarmacêuticasPatentes PipelinePropriedade IntelectualSupremo Tribunal FederalBrazilian Supreme CourtHealth EconomyIntellectual Property RightsPharmaceutical PatentsPipeline Patents The creation of the WTO has brought a series of multilateral agreements, including the TRIPS Agreement that regulates matter related to intellectual property rights. The Agreement established a "minimum standard" of protection, including the expansion of the scope of patentability for all fields of technology. Brazil, seeking to be TRIPS complied, went beyond its international obligations and included a mechanism known as pipeline patents: a temporary mechanism through which were accepted patents in fields of technology not previously recognized, including the pharmaceutical sector. 1182 patent applications were filled through this mechanism, among which are several medicines that are fundamental to public health. This article intends to discuss the pipeline patents from two perspectives: health economics and law. From the economic side, this paper presents a study that calculates the higher prices that Brazil paid for AIDS drugs, without any counterpart in investment on R&D. On the side of law, the pipeline patents are against a number of constitutional principles and also international treaties to which Brazil is a signatory. Finally, the article discusses how this mechanism has been handled by different actors of society, focusing on the analysis of direct action of unconstitutionality, proposed in 2009 by the Attorney General's Office in the Supreme Court. The article concludes that the introduction of the pipeline patent mechanism is frontally against the public interest. A criação da OMC trouxe consigo uma série de acordos multilaterais, entre os quais o Acordo TRIPS que regula temas relacionados à propriedade intelectual. A partir de sua adoção, estabeleceu-se um "padrão mínimo" de proteção, incluindo a ampliação do escopo de patenteabilidade para todos os campos tecnológicos. O Brasil, ao buscar adequar-se ao TRIPS, foi além das obrigações assumidas ao incluir o instituto conhecido como patentes pipeline: um dispositivo temporário por meio do qual foram aceitos depósitos de patentes em campos tecnológicos não reconhecidos anteriormente, entre os quais o setor farmacêutico. Por este instituto, foram realizados 1.182 pedidos, entre os quais se encontram vários medicamentos que hoje são fundamentais para o enfrentamento de problemas de saúde pública. O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir patentes pipeline a partir de duas perspectivas: da economia da saúde e do direito. Do lado econômico, o artigo traz um estudo do cálculo econômico de um sobrepreço que o Brasil pagou por medicamentos de AIDS, sem contrapartida de aumento de investimento em P&D. Do lado do direito, observa-se que o instituto das patentes pipeline viola uma série de princípios constitucionais e também tratados internacionais dos quais o Brasil é signatário. Ao final, o artigo aborda como este mecanismo vem sendo tratado por diferentes atores da sociedade, tendo como foco de análise a Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade, proposta em 2009, pelo Procurador-geral da República no Supremo Tribunal Federal. O artigo conclui que a introdução do instituto da patente pipeline é frontalmente contra o interesse público. Universidade de São Paulo. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Direito Sanitário. Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Direito Sanitário2010-10-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPeer-reviewed ArticleAVALIADOS PELOS PARESapplication/pdfhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/1321210.11606/issn.2316-9044.v11i2p164-188Revista de Direito Sanitário; v. 11 n. 2 (2010); 164-188Journal of Health Law; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2010); 164-188Revista de Direito Sanitário; Vol. 11 Núm. 2 (2010); 164-1882316-9044reponame:Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online)instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)instacron:USPporhttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/13212/15024Hasenclever, LiaLopes, RodrigoChaves, Gabriela CostaReis, RenataVieira, Marcela Fogaçainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2015-03-03T15:20:22Zoai:revistas.usp.br:article/13212Revistahttps://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisanPUBhttp://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/oaisdallari@usp.br||revdisan@usp.br2316-90441516-4179opendoar:2015-03-03T15:20:22Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
O instituto de patentes Pipeline e o acesso a medicamentos: aspectos econômicos e jurídicos deletérios à economia da saúde
title Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
spellingShingle Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
Hasenclever, Lia
Economia da Saúde
Patentes Farmacêuticas
Patentes Pipeline
Propriedade Intelectual
Supremo Tribunal Federal
Brazilian Supreme Court
Health Economy
Intellectual Property Rights
Pharmaceutical Patents
Pipeline Patents
title_short Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
title_full Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
title_fullStr Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
title_full_unstemmed Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
title_sort Pipeline patents and access to drugs: economic and legal aspects deleterious to health economy
author Hasenclever, Lia
author_facet Hasenclever, Lia
Lopes, Rodrigo
Chaves, Gabriela Costa
Reis, Renata
Vieira, Marcela Fogaça
author_role author
author2 Lopes, Rodrigo
Chaves, Gabriela Costa
Reis, Renata
Vieira, Marcela Fogaça
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Hasenclever, Lia
Lopes, Rodrigo
Chaves, Gabriela Costa
Reis, Renata
Vieira, Marcela Fogaça
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Economia da Saúde
Patentes Farmacêuticas
Patentes Pipeline
Propriedade Intelectual
Supremo Tribunal Federal
Brazilian Supreme Court
Health Economy
Intellectual Property Rights
Pharmaceutical Patents
Pipeline Patents
topic Economia da Saúde
Patentes Farmacêuticas
Patentes Pipeline
Propriedade Intelectual
Supremo Tribunal Federal
Brazilian Supreme Court
Health Economy
Intellectual Property Rights
Pharmaceutical Patents
Pipeline Patents
description The creation of the WTO has brought a series of multilateral agreements, including the TRIPS Agreement that regulates matter related to intellectual property rights. The Agreement established a "minimum standard" of protection, including the expansion of the scope of patentability for all fields of technology. Brazil, seeking to be TRIPS complied, went beyond its international obligations and included a mechanism known as pipeline patents: a temporary mechanism through which were accepted patents in fields of technology not previously recognized, including the pharmaceutical sector. 1182 patent applications were filled through this mechanism, among which are several medicines that are fundamental to public health. This article intends to discuss the pipeline patents from two perspectives: health economics and law. From the economic side, this paper presents a study that calculates the higher prices that Brazil paid for AIDS drugs, without any counterpart in investment on R&D. On the side of law, the pipeline patents are against a number of constitutional principles and also international treaties to which Brazil is a signatory. Finally, the article discusses how this mechanism has been handled by different actors of society, focusing on the analysis of direct action of unconstitutionality, proposed in 2009 by the Attorney General's Office in the Supreme Court. The article concludes that the introduction of the pipeline patent mechanism is frontally against the public interest.
publishDate 2010
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2010-10-01
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Peer-reviewed Article
AVALIADOS PELOS PARES
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/13212
10.11606/issn.2316-9044.v11i2p164-188
url https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/13212
identifier_str_mv 10.11606/issn.2316-9044.v11i2p164-188
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.revistas.usp.br/rdisan/article/view/13212/15024
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Direito Sanitário. Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Direito Sanitário
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de São Paulo. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Direito Sanitário. Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Direito Sanitário
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Revista de Direito Sanitário; v. 11 n. 2 (2010); 164-188
Journal of Health Law; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2010); 164-188
Revista de Direito Sanitário; Vol. 11 Núm. 2 (2010); 164-188
2316-9044
reponame:Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online)
instname:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
instname_str Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron_str USP
institution USP
reponame_str Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online)
collection Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online)
repository.name.fl_str_mv Revista de Direito Sanitário (Online) - Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv sdallari@usp.br||revdisan@usp.br
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