Phytocompounds recovered from the vinification of V. vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon: Characterization of an extract and fractions, cytotoxicity and in vitro photoprotection efficacy

• Autor(a) principal: Alexandra de Almeida Hübner
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
• Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.11606/T.9.2023.tde-12122023-111000

The health benefits of winemaking residues are based on the wide variety of polyphenols; however, a low amount is used in value-added products that could drive sustainable winery growth and circular economy practices. Our investigation aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the hydroethanolic winemaking residue extract from Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) and their fractions, also regarding in vitro cell viability of the samples in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, as well as their in vitro photoprotective potential. Thesis results were organized in three chapters, being the first one a review of the benefits and technological advances in valuing grape pomace extract (GPE) for human health, evidencing a cutaneous application; the second chapter regarded the characterization of non-anthocyanin compounds in the GPE and its derivatives in ethyl acetate (GPE-EAF) and chloroform (GPE-CHF) by mass spectrometry, in negative ion mode; and the last chapter described the effects of the samples against H2O2-induced injury over fibroblast cells and in vitro synergism with a sunscreen system. GPE and GPE-EAF samples were the most concentrated in hydroxybenzoic acids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and proanthocyanidins. GPE-CHF fraction presented low diversity of compounds according to this analytical technique. GPE-EAF and GPE-CHF samples, considering their higher content of syringic and pcoumaric acids, quercetin, and trans-resveratrol quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD), were further assayed. GPEEAF and GPE-CHF maintained the NIH-3T3 cell viability in the absence of H2O2, being, in the sequence, studied against the oxidative stressor H2O2. A sharp drop in viability was only observed for GPE-CHF, and cytotoxicity of GPE-EAF was considered absent even in a hostile environment. Since GPE-EAF previously developed the best results, its potential performance was investigated in a sunscreen system. The in vitro sun protection factor of the phytoderivative-free formulation was 9.0 + 2.5 and, by adding GPE-EAF at 10.0%, its efficacy was elevated to 15.0 + 2.5. Both samples suffered a negative effect after artificial ultraviolet exposition (500 W/m2); however, the presence of GPE-EAF improved its photostability. Based on the results, additional investigation of the effects of winemaking residues against oxidative stress are needed for more conclusive results, as purified and isolated samples; new stressors and cellular models; evaluation of intracellular antioxidant effectiveness, and lipid peroxidation and photoprotective efficacy studies in different biological models.