Consumption of in natura, processed, and ultra-processed foods by pregnant women assisted by the family health strategy in western Bahia

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Ellen Araújo
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Gomes, Daiene Rosa, Oliveira, Danila Soares de, Campos, Hudson Manoel Nogueira
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Baiana de Saúde Pública (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://rbsp.sesab.ba.gov.br/index.php/rbsp/article/view/3898
• topic: Consumo alimentar; Gestação; Alimentos, alimentação e nutrição; Nutrição materna; Eating; Pregnancy; Diet, food, and nutrition; Maternal nutrition; Ingestión de alimentos; Embarazo; Nutrición, alimentación y dieta; Nutrición materna

Eating has direct effects on the health of the mother-child binomial, as well as on pregnancy outcomes, which makes it necessary to analyze food intake during pregnancy, especially considering the changes in eating habits that have occurred in recent decades. This study aimed to analyze the food intake of pregnant women assisted by the Family Health Strategy according to the degree of processing and the adequacy of macronutrients and micronutrients. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 239 pregnant women assisted by the Family Health Strategy during prenatal care. The food consumption analysis was done using the reduced food frequency questionnaire, considering the NOVA classification. Mean and standard deviation, with 95% confidence interval, percentage of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients contribution, and adequacy to the recommended consumption levels were calculated. The highest energy and nutrient contribution was derived from processed foods (59%), most pregnant women presented high sodium intake (76.15%), and the energy contribution from in natura or minimally processed (20.3%) and ultra-processed (20.1%) foods reached approximate values. The consumption of proteins (86.19%), carbohydrates (91.63%), fibers (71.55%), sodium (76.15%), zinc (58.16%), magnesium (64.44%), vitamins A (80.75%), D (52.3%), B12 (69.87%), B9 (51.46%), and C (95.82%) was above the recommendations. Higher prevalence of consumption of processed foods was observed, despite the ingestion of in natura or minimally processed and ultraprocessed foods reaching approximate levels. The consumption of macronutrients was inadequate, as well as most micronutrients, according to the recommendations for pregnant women.