Ampliação do ensino superior brasileiro : um estudo sobre as causas da evasão e o impacto da Bolsa Permanência do PNAES

• Autor(a) principal: Saccaro, Alice
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7125
• topic: EDUCAÇÃO - ASPECTOS ECONÔMICOS; ENSINO SUPERIOR - AVALIAÇÃO; POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL - BRASIL; EDUCAÇÃO; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

This dissertation presents two articles about Economics of Education. The first seeks to analyze the significant dropout rates of higher education students. It was chosen the students from the natural sciences and engineering courses. The shortage of professionals in this fieldis a problem that reaches many countries. In Brazil, one of the reasons for this is the significant dropout rates that the courses of the field in the tertiary education present. Since the courses of public institutions and the financial support offered to students from private universities and colleges are paid with governmental resources, it is important to evaluate the reasons that lead to abandon these tertiary courses. Thus, this article seeks to analyze the dropout rates of these courses, studying covariates that influence, positively or negatively, on this decision. The method used is the Survival Analysis, through the use of one non-parametrical and a parametrical tool using as the dataset the Tertiary Education Survey among 2009 to 2014. As results, it is found that the dropout rates are higher in private colleges, as well as the fact that men and older students present a negative time ratio, but the indexes are positive if the student receives financial support. The second paper aims to analyze whether students that enrolled in federal public colleges in presential courses by the quota system, that receive PNAES´s permanency aid (Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil), dropped out less than the same kind of student who did not receive this grant between 2009 and 2012. Therefore, it is used the data from the Censo da Educação Superior and the Differences-in-Differences methodology, since it is possible to analyze how some characteristics influence at the dropout rate and at the student´s chance to receive the aid.The results show that the chances to receive the aid change according to the individual´s and the institution’s characteristics. Also, the dropout rate is lower for the students that received this kind of grant. It is shown that this public policy is important to the retention of students from poorer families on the higher education, since the quota system and the growth in the enrollment rates can be incipient ways to raise the number of individuals with tertiary education.