Descrição do perfil epidemiológico e dos desfechos de pacientes com suspeita de neutropenia febril secundária ao tratamento oncológico em setor de emergência de um hospital terciário

• Autor(a) principal: Gelatti, Ana Caroline Zimmer
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
• Texto Completo: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8205
• topic: Neutropenia Febril; Tempo Porta-Antibiótico; Fatores Prognósticos; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA

Background: Cancer is one of the three leading causes of death in Brazil, and one of the most prevalent diseases in our country. Febrile neutropenia is a febrile syndrome associated with a reduction in neutrophil count and a frequent complication of systemic cancer treatment. Febrile neutropenia may affect up to 40% of cancer patients. Considering the large number of patients stricken by febrile neutropenia, and the risk that inadequate management imposes on patients' lives, standardization of care and the early identification of a high-risk population is key to improving clinical outcomes. Guidelines for treatment of febrile neutropenia universally recommend immediate start of antibiotic therapy (<60 minutes). Objective and Methods: The goal of this retrospective study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile and clinical outcomes of patients treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy who met criteria for febrile neutropenia and required a visit to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Results: A total of 212 patients with cancer presented with fever and required an emergency room evaluation between September 2014 and August 2016. Of these, 68 met criteria for febrile neutropenia. Hematologic neoplasms were associated with an increased risk of neutropenia [OR = 3,41 (95%, CI: 1,52-7,65) p = 0,003] when compared to solid tumors. Seven (10.3%) patients with neutropenia were treated on an outpatient setting and 61 (89,7%) were admitted. The median time to onset of the antibiotic was 140 minutes. Of the patients admitted to the hospital, 47 (77,0%) were discharged from hospital and 14 (23,0%) died. The median of the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score was statistically higher in the group that was discharged when compared to the group that died (23,5 versus 14,5 points), with an OR=0,69 [(95%, CI: 0,51-0,94) p = 0,017]. Conclusion: This analysis corroborates previously published data supporting that febrile neutropenia is a potential morbidity and mortality factor in cancer patients. Strategies that aim to qualify the care of patients at higher risk in the emergency room is essential to reduce mortality rates.