Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54094 |
Resumo: | When the first cases of HIV infection appeared in the 1980s, AIDS was a deadly disease without any therapeutic alternatives. Currently, there is still no cure for most cases mainly due to the multiple tissues that act as a reservoir for this virus besides the high viral mutagenesis that leads to an antiretroviral drug resistance. Throughout the years, multiple drugs with specific mechanisms of action on distinct targets have been approved. In this review, the most recent phase III clinical studies and other research therapies as advanced antiretroviral nanodelivery systems will be here discussed. Although the combined antiretroviral therapy is effective in reducing viral loading to undetectable levels, it also presents some disadvantages, such as usual side effects, high frequency of administration, and the possibility of drug resistance. Therefore, several new drugs, delivery systems, and vaccines have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Regarding drug delivery, an attempt to change the route of administration of some conventional antiretrovirals has proven to be successful and surpassed some issues related to patient compliance. Nanotechnology has brought a new approach to overcoming certain obstacles of formulation design including drug solubility and biodistribution. Overall, the encapsulation of antiretroviral drugs into nanosystems has shown improved drug release and pharmacokinetic profile. |
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Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV.HIVClinical trialsNovel antiretroviralsVaccinesAdvanced transdermal nanodelivery systemsWhen the first cases of HIV infection appeared in the 1980s, AIDS was a deadly disease without any therapeutic alternatives. Currently, there is still no cure for most cases mainly due to the multiple tissues that act as a reservoir for this virus besides the high viral mutagenesis that leads to an antiretroviral drug resistance. Throughout the years, multiple drugs with specific mechanisms of action on distinct targets have been approved. In this review, the most recent phase III clinical studies and other research therapies as advanced antiretroviral nanodelivery systems will be here discussed. Although the combined antiretroviral therapy is effective in reducing viral loading to undetectable levels, it also presents some disadvantages, such as usual side effects, high frequency of administration, and the possibility of drug resistance. Therefore, several new drugs, delivery systems, and vaccines have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Regarding drug delivery, an attempt to change the route of administration of some conventional antiretrovirals has proven to be successful and surpassed some issues related to patient compliance. Nanotechnology has brought a new approach to overcoming certain obstacles of formulation design including drug solubility and biodistribution. Overall, the encapsulation of antiretroviral drugs into nanosystems has shown improved drug release and pharmacokinetic profile.This work was supported with Gilead GÉNESE Ref. PGG/006/2016.MDPIRepositório da Universidade de LisboaCunha, Rita F.Simões, SandraCarvalheiro, ManuelaAzevedo-Pereira, José MiguelSantos-Costa, QuirinaAscenso, Andreia2022-08-09T17:14:57Z2021-08-312022-06-29T11:25:49Z2021-08-31T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10451/54094engCunha RF, Simões S, Carvalheiro M, Pereira JMA, Costa Q, Ascenso A. Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. Molecules 2021;26:5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175305.cv-prod-260842810.3390/molecules26175305PMC843430534500737info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-11-08T16:59:24Zoai:repositorio.ul.pt:10451/54094Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T22:04:29.362287Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
title |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
spellingShingle |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. Cunha, Rita F. HIV Clinical trials Novel antiretrovirals Vaccines Advanced transdermal nanodelivery systems |
title_short |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
title_full |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
title_fullStr |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
title_sort |
Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. |
author |
Cunha, Rita F. |
author_facet |
Cunha, Rita F. Simões, Sandra Carvalheiro, Manuela Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel Santos-Costa, Quirina Ascenso, Andreia |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Simões, Sandra Carvalheiro, Manuela Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel Santos-Costa, Quirina Ascenso, Andreia |
author2_role |
author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Cunha, Rita F. Simões, Sandra Carvalheiro, Manuela Azevedo-Pereira, José Miguel Santos-Costa, Quirina Ascenso, Andreia |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
HIV Clinical trials Novel antiretrovirals Vaccines Advanced transdermal nanodelivery systems |
topic |
HIV Clinical trials Novel antiretrovirals Vaccines Advanced transdermal nanodelivery systems |
description |
When the first cases of HIV infection appeared in the 1980s, AIDS was a deadly disease without any therapeutic alternatives. Currently, there is still no cure for most cases mainly due to the multiple tissues that act as a reservoir for this virus besides the high viral mutagenesis that leads to an antiretroviral drug resistance. Throughout the years, multiple drugs with specific mechanisms of action on distinct targets have been approved. In this review, the most recent phase III clinical studies and other research therapies as advanced antiretroviral nanodelivery systems will be here discussed. Although the combined antiretroviral therapy is effective in reducing viral loading to undetectable levels, it also presents some disadvantages, such as usual side effects, high frequency of administration, and the possibility of drug resistance. Therefore, several new drugs, delivery systems, and vaccines have been tested in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Regarding drug delivery, an attempt to change the route of administration of some conventional antiretrovirals has proven to be successful and surpassed some issues related to patient compliance. Nanotechnology has brought a new approach to overcoming certain obstacles of formulation design including drug solubility and biodistribution. Overall, the encapsulation of antiretroviral drugs into nanosystems has shown improved drug release and pharmacokinetic profile. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-31 2021-08-31T00:00:00Z 2022-08-09T17:14:57Z 2022-06-29T11:25:49Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54094 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54094 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Cunha RF, Simões S, Carvalheiro M, Pereira JMA, Costa Q, Ascenso A. Novel Antiretroviral Therapeutic Strategies for HIV. Molecules 2021;26:5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175305. cv-prod-2608428 10.3390/molecules26175305 PMC8434305 34500737 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
collection |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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