Sleep quality and nutritional status in bodybuilders (pre and post-competition)

• Autor(a) principal: Bártolo, Modesta
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Carvalho, Lucinda, Rodrigues, Francisco, Coelho, Patrícia, Pires, Joana
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: https://doi.org/10.25758/set.518
• topic: Culturismo; Sono; Nutrição; Atletas; Treinos; Competição; Bodybuilding; Sleep; Nutrition; Athletes; Training; Competition

Introduction – Sleep and nutrition are fundamental pillars for bodybuilding athletes. Their inadequate recovery, associated with poor sleep quality and an incorrect nutritional plan, affects their sports performance. Objectives – To verify whether training and eating habits in a bodybuilder affect the quality of sleep, as well as to assess whether this changes during the preparation of the competition, both pre and post-competition. Methods – Ten bodybuilding athletes (70% men and 30% women), between 25 and 41 years, without the presence of relevant clinical history. Sleep assessment was through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and nutrition through a questionnaire to determine the nutritional and training plan. Athletes were evaluated in four moments: pre-competition (1st, 6th, and 12th week) and post-competition. Results – Statistical significance was found between training intensity and sleep quality (W=0.005), as well as between this and the number of calories ingested (p<0.0001), with the average being in the 1st, 6th, and 12th week and post-competition, from 4320.00±1100.303; 3040.00±756.013; 1890.00±5914 kilocalories (Kcal) and without caloric restriction. Regarding the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, there was an average of 7.90±2.846; 7.10±3.178; 9.60±4.326 and 6.00±3.300, respectively (values above six suggest poor sleep quality), and the intensity of training was 10.40±2.459, with a maximum value of 12 and a minimum of six (hours/week). Discussion – Through this sample, a predominance of athletes with poor sleep quality was demonstrated. A statistically significant relationship was observed when comparing the quality of sleep with the intensity of training and the number of calories ingested by the athletes, it was shown that as the intensity of training increases and greater caloric restriction occurs, sleep will decrease in its quality. The literature highlights numerous factors that negatively influence the sleep quality of these athletes, which, in turn, interfere with their physical and psychological recovery. Conclusion – Most of the sample exhibited high PSQI values suggestive of poor quality and sleep disorders, especially in the pre-competition phase.