Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
Texto Completo: | https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78222 |
Resumo: | Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common malignant intraocular tumour in the adult population. It is a rare cancer with an incidence of nearly five cases per million inhabitants per year, which develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes in the choroid (≈90%), ciliary body (≈6%) or iris (≈4%). Patients initially present either with symptoms like blurred vision or photopsia, or without symptoms, with the tumour being detected in routine eye exams. Over the course of the disease, metastases, which are initially dormant, develop in nearly 50% of patients, preferentially in the liver. Despite decades of intensive research, the only approach proven to mildly control disease spread are early treatments directed to ablate liver metastases, such as surgical excision or chemoembolization. However, most patients have a limited life expectancy once metastases are detected, since there are limited therapeutic approaches for the metastatic disease, including immunotherapy, which unlike in cutaneous melanoma, has been mostly ineffective for UM patients. Therefore, in order to offer the best care possible to these patients, there is an urgent need to find robust models that can accurately predict the prognosis of UM, as well as therapeutic strategies that effectively block and/or limit the spread of the metastatic disease. Here, we initially summarized the current knowledge about UM by compiling the most relevant epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular data. Then, we revisited the most important prognostic factors currently used for the evaluation and follow-up of primary UM cases. Afterwards, we addressed emerging prognostic biomarkers in UM, by comprehensively reviewing gene signatures, immunohistochemistry-based markers and proteomic markers resulting from research studies conducted over the past three years. Finally, we discussed the current hurdles in the field and anticipated the future challenges and novel avenues of research in UM. |
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Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directionsUveal melanomaPrognostic factorsBiomarkersMetastasesSurvivalMolecular pathologyScience & TechnologyUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common malignant intraocular tumour in the adult population. It is a rare cancer with an incidence of nearly five cases per million inhabitants per year, which develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes in the choroid (≈90%), ciliary body (≈6%) or iris (≈4%). Patients initially present either with symptoms like blurred vision or photopsia, or without symptoms, with the tumour being detected in routine eye exams. Over the course of the disease, metastases, which are initially dormant, develop in nearly 50% of patients, preferentially in the liver. Despite decades of intensive research, the only approach proven to mildly control disease spread are early treatments directed to ablate liver metastases, such as surgical excision or chemoembolization. However, most patients have a limited life expectancy once metastases are detected, since there are limited therapeutic approaches for the metastatic disease, including immunotherapy, which unlike in cutaneous melanoma, has been mostly ineffective for UM patients. Therefore, in order to offer the best care possible to these patients, there is an urgent need to find robust models that can accurately predict the prognosis of UM, as well as therapeutic strategies that effectively block and/or limit the spread of the metastatic disease. Here, we initially summarized the current knowledge about UM by compiling the most relevant epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular data. Then, we revisited the most important prognostic factors currently used for the evaluation and follow-up of primary UM cases. Afterwards, we addressed emerging prognostic biomarkers in UM, by comprehensively reviewing gene signatures, immunohistochemistry-based markers and proteomic markers resulting from research studies conducted over the past three years. Finally, we discussed the current hurdles in the field and anticipated the future challenges and novel avenues of research in UM.N.J.L. would like to thank all members of the Laboratory of Clinical and Experi-mental Pathology (LPCE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France; and all members of the Anatomic Pathology Service, Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitario do Porto,Porto, Portugal, especially to JoseRamon Vizcaino (Head of Service), Joana Raposo Alves (Advisor ofPathology Training), Andre Coelho, David Tente and Francisca Emanuel Costa for their continuous support and help in the developmentMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)Universidade do MinhoLamas, Nuno JorgeMartel, ArnaudNahon-Estève, SachaGoffinet, SamanthaMacocco, AdamBertolotto, CorineLassalle, SandraHofman, Paul20222022-01-01T00:00:00Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/1822/78222engLamas, N.J.; Martel, A.; Nahon-Estève, S.; Goffinet, S.; Macocco, A.; Bertolotto, C.; Lassalle, S.; Hofman, P. Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma: The Status Quo, Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers 2022, 14, 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers140100962072-669410.3390/cancers1401009696https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/1/96info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãoinstacron:RCAAP2023-07-21T12:41:47Zoai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/78222Portal AgregadorONGhttps://www.rcaap.pt/oai/openaireopendoar:71602024-03-19T19:38:50.903837Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informaçãofalse |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
title |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
spellingShingle |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions Lamas, Nuno Jorge Uveal melanoma Prognostic factors Biomarkers Metastases Survival Molecular pathology Science & Technology |
title_short |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
title_full |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
title_fullStr |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
title_sort |
Prognostic biomarkers in uveal melanoma: the status quo, recent advances and future directions |
author |
Lamas, Nuno Jorge |
author_facet |
Lamas, Nuno Jorge Martel, Arnaud Nahon-Estève, Sacha Goffinet, Samantha Macocco, Adam Bertolotto, Corine Lassalle, Sandra Hofman, Paul |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Martel, Arnaud Nahon-Estève, Sacha Goffinet, Samantha Macocco, Adam Bertolotto, Corine Lassalle, Sandra Hofman, Paul |
author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade do Minho |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lamas, Nuno Jorge Martel, Arnaud Nahon-Estève, Sacha Goffinet, Samantha Macocco, Adam Bertolotto, Corine Lassalle, Sandra Hofman, Paul |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Uveal melanoma Prognostic factors Biomarkers Metastases Survival Molecular pathology Science & Technology |
topic |
Uveal melanoma Prognostic factors Biomarkers Metastases Survival Molecular pathology Science & Technology |
description |
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common malignant intraocular tumour in the adult population. It is a rare cancer with an incidence of nearly five cases per million inhabitants per year, which develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes in the choroid (≈90%), ciliary body (≈6%) or iris (≈4%). Patients initially present either with symptoms like blurred vision or photopsia, or without symptoms, with the tumour being detected in routine eye exams. Over the course of the disease, metastases, which are initially dormant, develop in nearly 50% of patients, preferentially in the liver. Despite decades of intensive research, the only approach proven to mildly control disease spread are early treatments directed to ablate liver metastases, such as surgical excision or chemoembolization. However, most patients have a limited life expectancy once metastases are detected, since there are limited therapeutic approaches for the metastatic disease, including immunotherapy, which unlike in cutaneous melanoma, has been mostly ineffective for UM patients. Therefore, in order to offer the best care possible to these patients, there is an urgent need to find robust models that can accurately predict the prognosis of UM, as well as therapeutic strategies that effectively block and/or limit the spread of the metastatic disease. Here, we initially summarized the current knowledge about UM by compiling the most relevant epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular data. Then, we revisited the most important prognostic factors currently used for the evaluation and follow-up of primary UM cases. Afterwards, we addressed emerging prognostic biomarkers in UM, by comprehensively reviewing gene signatures, immunohistochemistry-based markers and proteomic markers resulting from research studies conducted over the past three years. Finally, we discussed the current hurdles in the field and anticipated the future challenges and novel avenues of research in UM. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78222 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/1822/78222 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Lamas, N.J.; Martel, A.; Nahon-Estève, S.; Goffinet, S.; Macocco, A.; Bertolotto, C.; Lassalle, S.; Hofman, P. Prognostic Biomarkers in Uveal Melanoma: The Status Quo, Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers 2022, 14, 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010096 2072-6694 10.3390/cancers14010096 96 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/1/96 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) instname:Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação instacron:RCAAP |
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Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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RCAAP |
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RCAAP |
reponame_str |
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) |
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Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos) - Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC) - FCT - Sociedade da Informação |
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