Avaliação do efeito da sobrecarga lipídica na reatividade microvascular em mulheres obesas

• Autor(a) principal: Maranhão, Priscila Alves
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12616
• topic: Obesity; Microcirculation dysfunction; Postprandial lipemia; Videocapillaroscopy; Obesidade; Disfunção microcirculatória; Lipemia pós-prandial; Videocapilaroscopia; Obesidade; Obesidade nas mulheres; Doenças cardiovasculares Fatores de risco; Lipídios Distúrbios do metabolismo; Hiperlipidemia; Mulheres Hábitos alimentares; Período pós-prandial; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Changes in eating habits have caused striking effects on public health, directly related to increased intake of food rich in fat, mainly saturated fat. The main consequence of this consumption is the excessive and prolonged state of postprandial lipemia (PPL), considered one an important factor related to metabolic abnormalities and vascular damage. The aim of this study was to assess effects of fat overload on microvascular reactivity in obese women. Of the 41 study participants, 21 had the diagnosis of obesity, with BMI of 32.4 ± 1.6 kg/m2 (mean ± SD) and age of 31.6 ± 5 years and 20 healthy women with BMI of 21.9 ± 1.7 kg/m2and age 27.2 ± 5.5 years. After clinical and laboratorial assessment, participants had the microcirculation examined by two methods: dynamic, using the nailfold bed to assess functional capillary density (FCD), red blood cell velocity in in control conditions (RBCV) and peak (RBCVmax) and time (TRBCVmax) to reach it after 1 min arterial occlusion. The second technique was the finger dorsum to assess FCD at rest and during the reactive hyperemia response and after venous occlusion. Blood sampling was performed to determine total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL- c and free fatty acids (FFA), glucose, insulin and plasma viscosity at 30 and 50 rotations per minute (rpm). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures and heart rate (HR) were also measured. After these measurements at rest, all participants received a meal rich in lipids, and after 30, 60, 120 and 180 min after ingestion, videocapillaroscopy exams and blood samples were taken again. Results - Obese participants, after fat overload, presented significantly lower values than at rest at finger dorsum of FCD (p = 0.02), FCD during reactive hyperemia (p = 0.02) and post- venous occlusion (p = 0.02), HDL-C (p <0.0001), LDL-C (p <0.0001) and FFA (p <0.0001) and high values for: RBCV at rest (p<0 ,0001), RBCVmax (p = 0.003), TRBCVmax (p = 0.004), glucose (p <0.0001), insulin (p<0,0001), CT (P = 0.03), TG (P <0.0001) and HR (P = 0.03). Changes in viscosity were not observed in obese group after a meal, when compared to baseline values at 30 and 50 rpm (p = 0.87 and p = 0.42, respectively). SBP was higher in obese participants after overload compared to healthy ones throughout the study period. We conclude that high fat food can further increase microcirculation dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities already present in obese women.