Cultural diversity and human equality: a new classification of intercultural perspectives

• Autor(a) principal: Clérico, Gracia Maria
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Leite, Roberta Vasconcelos, Gaspar, Yuri Elias
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Memorandum (Belo Horizonte)
• DOI: 10.35699/1676-1669.2020.14927
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/memorandum/article/view/14927
• topic: diversidade cultural; igualdade humana; assimilacionismo; multiculturalismo; interculturalismo; cultural diversity; human equality; assimilationism; multiculturalism; interculturalism

Challenges of coexistence among cultures have mobilized the proposition of different theoretical currents and models of social organization and education since the beginning of the 20th century. The classifications formulated to categorize such currents in general emphasize the different positions in relation to cultural diversity only. In this paper, we intend to propose a classification that also considers positions on human equality. We carried out a narrative-type bibliographic review to analyze conditions of emergence and philosophical foundations of three of the main intercultural perspectives formulated in the last century: assimilationism, multiculturalism and interculturalism. From this analysis, we applied the new classification and we could understand the three perspectives as belonging to the project of modernity and post-modernity, highlight risks of polarization of positions and explain the complexity of the profound social and educational transformations necessary to consolidate the desired intercultural experiences. We conclude that the proposed new classification may foster discussions by considering historical challenges to which each perspective seeks to respond, valuing their own contributions.