Higher education in Brazil and inequalities (1964 – 2019): between constructions and reforms

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Ana Luíza Matos de
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista de Ciências do Estado (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/revice/article/view/e35110
• topic: Higher Education; Public Policies; Brazilian History; Socioeducational inequalities; Educação Superior; Políticas públicas; História do Brasil; Desigualdades socioeducacionais; Educación superior; Historia de Brasil; Desigualdades socioeducativas; Políticas públicas

Brazil has a history of income, gender, color/race and regional inequalities, which are also reflected in access to Higher Education (ES). The Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF 88, the “Citizen Constitution”), inspired by the so-called Welfare State, established rights in favor of social inclusion and reduction of inequalities, in direct opposition to the model that had been adopted during the military dictatorship (1964-1985). In this sense, the article aims to provide an overview of how the legal framework and public policies adopted in Brazil affect inequalities in access to higher education since 1964, going through the 1968 Reform, CF 88 and Constitutional Amendment 95/2016, relating these periods and the policies adopted to the history and economic policy of the time. It is argued that Brazilian society tried to break its history of exclusion as of FC 88, expanding social participation, rights and financing for the social issue, especially for higher education, but this trajectory has been interrupted in recent years.