Constructing ourselves as moral agents
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFMG |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/1843/31951 |
Resumo: | This dissertation is a defence of metaethical constructivism in its Humean or relativist version. In the first chapter, I introduce constructivism in dialogue with tradition and its most prominent contemporary supporters. Responding to realist critics such as Enoch and Shafer-Landau, I suggest modifications to Street's constructivism. The upshot is a qualified defence of Humean constructivism. Next, in chapter 2, I engage with the work of two other contemporary constructivists, Korsgaard and Dorsey, and find their work wanting in argumentative support. In the subsequent chapters, I dive deeper into the foundations and consequences of the theory. In chapter 3, I reflect on the notion of agent that underlies metaethical constructivism. First, in the context of a dispute involving H. Frankfurt, G. Watson and D. Velleman, I propose that the agent be construed as the set of her coherent values, where "coherent" is meant to interrupt the regress faced by Frankfurt's original view. Secondly, I offer a solution compatible with relativist constructivism to the shmagency objection raised by D. Enoch. Then, in chapter 4 I tackle a famous counter-example, Gibbard's Ideally Coherent Caligula. Resorting to contemporary philosophy of language and disagreement, I show that constructivism deals nicely with cases such as that of the Caligula, especially if coupled with an acceptance of non-indexical contextualism. Finally, in chapter 5, I consider the ideal of reflective endorsement of practical reasons by the agent herself. Going against a tradition that goes back to Socrates and apparently resonates within constructivism, I argue for strict conditions for when an agent is justified in questioning her reasons for action via an ample process of self-examination. |
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Telma de Souza Birchalhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4689493748421012Rogério Antônio LopesLeonardo de Mello RibeiroAlcino Eduardo BonellaEvandro Barbosahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0042442835301079Vitor Sommavilla de Souza Barros2020-01-17T11:17:42Z2020-01-17T11:17:42Z2019-10-18http://hdl.handle.net/1843/31951This dissertation is a defence of metaethical constructivism in its Humean or relativist version. In the first chapter, I introduce constructivism in dialogue with tradition and its most prominent contemporary supporters. Responding to realist critics such as Enoch and Shafer-Landau, I suggest modifications to Street's constructivism. The upshot is a qualified defence of Humean constructivism. Next, in chapter 2, I engage with the work of two other contemporary constructivists, Korsgaard and Dorsey, and find their work wanting in argumentative support. In the subsequent chapters, I dive deeper into the foundations and consequences of the theory. In chapter 3, I reflect on the notion of agent that underlies metaethical constructivism. First, in the context of a dispute involving H. Frankfurt, G. Watson and D. Velleman, I propose that the agent be construed as the set of her coherent values, where "coherent" is meant to interrupt the regress faced by Frankfurt's original view. Secondly, I offer a solution compatible with relativist constructivism to the shmagency objection raised by D. Enoch. Then, in chapter 4 I tackle a famous counter-example, Gibbard's Ideally Coherent Caligula. Resorting to contemporary philosophy of language and disagreement, I show that constructivism deals nicely with cases such as that of the Caligula, especially if coupled with an acceptance of non-indexical contextualism. Finally, in chapter 5, I consider the ideal of reflective endorsement of practical reasons by the agent herself. Going against a tradition that goes back to Socrates and apparently resonates within constructivism, I argue for strict conditions for when an agent is justified in questioning her reasons for action via an ample process of self-examination.Esta tese é uma defesa do construtivismo metaético em sua variante humiana ou relativista. No primeiro capítulo, apresento o construtivismo metaético, em diálogo com a tradição e com seus principais expoentes contemporâneos. Em resposta a críticas de autores realistas tais como Enoch e Shafer-Landau, proponho modificações ao construtivismo de Street, culminando em uma defesa qualificada do construtivismo de matriz humiana. Em seguida, no capítulo 2, analiso a obra de dois construtivistas contemporâneos, Korsgaard e Dorsey, e concluo que suas posições não encontram respaldo argumentativo. Nos capítulos seguintes, aprofundo a reflexão sobre os fundamentos da teoria construtivista e suas consequências. No capítulo 3, discuto a noção de agente subjacente ao construtivismo metaético, adentrando dois recentes debates. Primeiro, no contexto de um debate entre H. Frankfurt , G. Watson e D. Velleman, proponho que o agente seja concebido como o conjunto coerente de seus valores. A adição do termo "coerente" à proposta de Watson almeja interromper o regresso a que está sujeita a proposta original de Frankfurt. Em segundo lugar, no mesmo capítulo, procuro oferecer uma solução compatível com o construtivismo relativista para o problema da "shmagency", tal como apresentado por D. Enoch. Em seguinda, no capítulo 4, lido com conhecidos contraexemplos à teoria em vista de sua aceitação do relativismo. Em particular, analiso o contraexemplo divisado por A. Gibbard do Calígula Idealmente Coerente. Recorrendo à filosofia da linguagem e da discordância, mostro como o construtivismo não tem problemas para lidar com casos como o do Calígula, em especial se associado ao contextualismo não-indexical. Finalmente, no capítulo 5, discuto o ideal do endosso reflexivo das razões para agir por parte do próprio agente. Contra uma tradição que remonta a Sócrates e que à primeira vista encontra respaldo no construtivismo, defendo condições estritas para quando determinado agente está justificado em questionar suas razões para agir por meio de um amplo processo de autoexame.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorengUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FilosofiaUFMGBrasilFAF - DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOSOFIAhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pt/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFilosofiaMetaéticaAção (Filosofia)Construtivismo (Filosofia)ConstructivismRelativismAgentReflectionPractical reasonConstructing ourselves as moral agentsConstruindo a nós mesmos como agentes moraisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALtese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2 impressão.pdftese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2 impressão.pdfapplication/pdf1503850https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/31951/1/tese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2%20impressa%cc%83o.pdf6f0e481abe86906771762b9e62107f23MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8811https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/31951/2/license_rdfcfd6801dba008cb6adbd9838b81582abMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82119https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/31951/3/license.txt34badce4be7e31e3adb4575ae96af679MD53TEXTtese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2 impressão.pdf.txttese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2 impressão.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain295071https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/31951/4/tese_Vitor_Sommavilla_revisada_2%20impressa%cc%83o.pdf.txte78985b2c22257ae3702c825c3591be9MD541843/319512020-01-18 03:36:09.2oai:repositorio.ufmg.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2020-01-18T06:36:09Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Construindo a nós mesmos como agentes morais |
title |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
spellingShingle |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents Vitor Sommavilla de Souza Barros Constructivism Relativism Agent Reflection Practical reason Filosofia Metaética Ação (Filosofia) Construtivismo (Filosofia) |
title_short |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
title_full |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
title_fullStr |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
title_full_unstemmed |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
title_sort |
Constructing ourselves as moral agents |
author |
Vitor Sommavilla de Souza Barros |
author_facet |
Vitor Sommavilla de Souza Barros |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Telma de Souza Birchal |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4689493748421012 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Rogério Antônio Lopes |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Leonardo de Mello Ribeiro |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Alcino Eduardo Bonella |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Evandro Barbosa |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0042442835301079 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Vitor Sommavilla de Souza Barros |
contributor_str_mv |
Telma de Souza Birchal Rogério Antônio Lopes Leonardo de Mello Ribeiro Alcino Eduardo Bonella Evandro Barbosa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Constructivism Relativism Agent Reflection Practical reason |
topic |
Constructivism Relativism Agent Reflection Practical reason Filosofia Metaética Ação (Filosofia) Construtivismo (Filosofia) |
dc.subject.other.none.fl_str_mv |
Filosofia Metaética Ação (Filosofia) Construtivismo (Filosofia) |
description |
This dissertation is a defence of metaethical constructivism in its Humean or relativist version. In the first chapter, I introduce constructivism in dialogue with tradition and its most prominent contemporary supporters. Responding to realist critics such as Enoch and Shafer-Landau, I suggest modifications to Street's constructivism. The upshot is a qualified defence of Humean constructivism. Next, in chapter 2, I engage with the work of two other contemporary constructivists, Korsgaard and Dorsey, and find their work wanting in argumentative support. In the subsequent chapters, I dive deeper into the foundations and consequences of the theory. In chapter 3, I reflect on the notion of agent that underlies metaethical constructivism. First, in the context of a dispute involving H. Frankfurt, G. Watson and D. Velleman, I propose that the agent be construed as the set of her coherent values, where "coherent" is meant to interrupt the regress faced by Frankfurt's original view. Secondly, I offer a solution compatible with relativist constructivism to the shmagency objection raised by D. Enoch. Then, in chapter 4 I tackle a famous counter-example, Gibbard's Ideally Coherent Caligula. Resorting to contemporary philosophy of language and disagreement, I show that constructivism deals nicely with cases such as that of the Caligula, especially if coupled with an acceptance of non-indexical contextualism. Finally, in chapter 5, I consider the ideal of reflective endorsement of practical reasons by the agent herself. Going against a tradition that goes back to Socrates and apparently resonates within constructivism, I argue for strict conditions for when an agent is justified in questioning her reasons for action via an ample process of self-examination. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-18 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-17T11:17:42Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-01-17T11:17:42Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/1843/31951 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/1843/31951 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pt/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/pt/ |
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openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFMG |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
FAF - DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOSOFIA |
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais |
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