A cartografia e o ensino de geografia no Brasil: uma olhar histórico e metodológico a partir do mapa (1913-1982)

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Aldo Gonçalves de
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5867
• topic: Ensino de Geografia; Cartografia Escolar; Livro Didático; Teaching Geography; Cartography School; Textbook; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS

This work examines the historical development of cartography applied to the teaching of geography in Brazil. This research agenda condenses a set of elements that are interrelated with the organization of the Brazilian space. Those factors should be noted: The pedagogical ideas in Brazil and the political-economic changes. The education developed in Brazil since the sixteenth century from the actions of the state sought to subsidize the development of the capitalist system, based on sustaining the bourgeois class. With regard to changes and political and economic shifts occurring in the Brazilian space, they motivated the inclusion of geography as a school subject in the curriculum of secondary education in Brazil in 1837 with the creation of the school Pedro II, to help the national bourgeoisie to join us higher education courses available in Brazil at the time. Grounded in the nomenclature and developed from memory that geography little made use of the maps that were used as a tool for memorization. The republican movement and liberalism in vogue in the world reflect in Brazil and influence both politics and education in the country in the late nineteenth century, creating modern approaches to school discipline as the book Geografia do Brasil by Carlos Miguel Delgado de Carvalho from 1913, the first to bring maps in geographic textbooks. Known that the map is the language par excellence, we question how these maps are covered in textbooks since then? What educational discourses, geographical and political they carry? To answer such questions was established as a time frame the books published between 1913 and 1982. The first date corresponds to the inauguration of the use of maps in textbooks and the last one to break the geographical knowledge at school, which shall be addressed critically, reflecting on cartographic representations from the social environment experienced by the country at the time. Thus this paper provides an overview of the approaches given to maps in geography textbooks in secondary education, seeking from them decipher the characteristics of school geography of each period and how it was influenced by the political process, economic and education which have developed in Brazilian space during the period in question.