Desenvolvimento e caracterização de queijos coalhos maturados: com leites caprino, bovino e misto

• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Bárbara Melo Santos do
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/9396
• topic: Derivado lácteo; Maturação; Caracterização físico-química; Caracterização sensorial; CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS

In the Brazilian market for preparation of artisan cheese, coalho (curd) cheese has a key role in the contribution to the development of Northeast Region's economy, since it is a source of income and work for small-sized and medium-sized producers. It is characterized by the high rate of commercialization and acceptance, because it is a semi-firm cheese and is traditionally produced from cow milk; however, the inclusion of goat milk and the use of maturation process in its development may be an alternative to the increasing demand for new products featuring differentiated characteristics, and particularly for the improvement of the health quality. Developing and characterizing the Coalho cheese maturated for up to 50 days at 10+1°C were intended, in order to suggest the inclusion of a new and differentiated product for the consumer. The experience was based on the manufacturing of cheese from three different formulations, changing the type of milk: (QCMC) 100% goat milk, (QCMM) cow and goat milk - 1:1 and (QCMV) 100% cow milk, which were estimated by means of a statistic template fully randomized with three ratios throughout the four times of maturation (1, 14, 28 and 50 days). The characterization of the chesses was evaluated by physicalchemical analyses (total solids, protein, fat, salt, humidity, ashes and pH); functionality (color and melting); fatty acid, organic acid and sugar chain profile; microbiological analysis on quality and sensory analysis. The content of total solids, fat and protein showed to be significantly decreased (p<0.05) through Tukey's range test between the product shelf times. The significant decrease of the fat content, directing the product towards a classification as a "light" product, is pointed out. On the other side, the averages showed to be increasing for the contents of salt and ashes. The technological analyses on color and melting showed the following behaviors: L* and b* parameters showed variations (p<0.05) with defined behavior, whereas a* parameter had significant variations in the average values. The percentage of melting had accentuated alterations. The fatty acid chain profile was predominantly formed by short-chain fatty acid for goat milk cheese (QCMC), whereas the long-chain fatty acid was predominant in cow milk cheese (QCMV). The microbiological evaluation on maturated Coalho cheese quality proved the innocuousness and safety of the prepared samples. In the sensory analysis, the testers evidenced the loss of the humidity showed in the physicalchemical analysis and the development of significant characteristics for the roles concerning the exterior central color, aspect, global intensity, stiffness, stickiness, granularity and persistence. The outcomes from this trial evidenced that the development of the maturated coalho cheese evidences important and high quality attributes, with potential to be placed in the market, aiming at the valuation of traditional cheeses by generating income for the producers and in order to overcome the obstacles in that industry. Due to the big success, the cheese preparation was represented when filing the invention patent application with INPI (Brazilian Patent and Trademark Office), under the final register number BR102015016208 by INOVA/UFPB.