Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ |
Texto Completo: | https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4997 |
Resumo: | Starch is a polysaccharide, consisting of linear chains (amylose) and branched chains (amylopectin). Waxy starch has a high percentage of amylopectin (greater than 95%) in its composition and can be found in nature without the need for chemical modifications and generation of residues; has a great potential of use in the industry as thickening agent, with low retrogradation. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a native tuberous root widely cultivated in tropical regions, as in Latin America, and is widely used as a source of starch. Embrapa has the cassava germplasm bank, to be exploited in the production of starch for industrial use, being of fundamental importance new knowledge related to the characterization of these starches as subsidies in the sustainable production of new ingredients with differentiated technological properties. Thus, from the pre-selection of 803 genotypes of the brazilian cassava germplasm bank, using principal component analysis (PCA) and determination of the best number of groups (NbClust), it was possible to define 17 starches of different genotypes of cassava starch that came closest to the paste properties of the reference cassava waxy starch (7734-7WX and 7745-5WX). After selection of the genotypes of interest, the physicochemical and morphological characterization of these starches was performed, comparing them with waxy maize starches (WX-Maize) and commercial starches by means of the determination of paste properties, electron microscopy scanning, optical microscopy, relative crystallinity, branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, swelling power and solubility index. The analysis of the results allowed the identification of genotypes with characteristics close to the reference waxy samples, such as genotypes BGM0975, BGM0996, BGM1733, BGM1884, BGM0083, BGM1637, BGM0995, because they have low viscosity in the cooling cycle or retrograde viscosity, suggesting the functionality of these starches similar to reference waxy starches, for use in the soups, creams and beverages industry, as thickening agents because they exhibit very low retrogradation. The morphological analysis allowed the identification of granules with rounded shapes and similar diameters, already for waxy maize starches and commercial maize starches, polyhedral formats. For the crystallinity results relative to the analyzed samples, there were no significant difference when compared to the reference samples. In the analysis of branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, genotype BGM0036 obtained results closer to the cassava waxy starch sample. The increase in temperature resulted in increased solubility and increased swelling power, except in BGM1773 which is the largest granule. Therefore, this study aimed at the selection and physical-chemical and morphological characterization of waxy-type starches from genotypes selected from the brazilian cassava germplasm bank. |
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Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de004.412.587-26Silva, Caroline MellingerTakeiti, Cristina Yoshie132.073.567-37http://lattes.cnpq.br/2059823383441501Santos, Tha?s Barbosa dos2021-08-31T17:33:47Z2018-04-26SANTOS, Tha?s Barbosa dos. Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz). 2018. 49 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2018.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4997Starch is a polysaccharide, consisting of linear chains (amylose) and branched chains (amylopectin). Waxy starch has a high percentage of amylopectin (greater than 95%) in its composition and can be found in nature without the need for chemical modifications and generation of residues; has a great potential of use in the industry as thickening agent, with low retrogradation. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a native tuberous root widely cultivated in tropical regions, as in Latin America, and is widely used as a source of starch. Embrapa has the cassava germplasm bank, to be exploited in the production of starch for industrial use, being of fundamental importance new knowledge related to the characterization of these starches as subsidies in the sustainable production of new ingredients with differentiated technological properties. Thus, from the pre-selection of 803 genotypes of the brazilian cassava germplasm bank, using principal component analysis (PCA) and determination of the best number of groups (NbClust), it was possible to define 17 starches of different genotypes of cassava starch that came closest to the paste properties of the reference cassava waxy starch (7734-7WX and 7745-5WX). After selection of the genotypes of interest, the physicochemical and morphological characterization of these starches was performed, comparing them with waxy maize starches (WX-Maize) and commercial starches by means of the determination of paste properties, electron microscopy scanning, optical microscopy, relative crystallinity, branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, swelling power and solubility index. The analysis of the results allowed the identification of genotypes with characteristics close to the reference waxy samples, such as genotypes BGM0975, BGM0996, BGM1733, BGM1884, BGM0083, BGM1637, BGM0995, because they have low viscosity in the cooling cycle or retrograde viscosity, suggesting the functionality of these starches similar to reference waxy starches, for use in the soups, creams and beverages industry, as thickening agents because they exhibit very low retrogradation. The morphological analysis allowed the identification of granules with rounded shapes and similar diameters, already for waxy maize starches and commercial maize starches, polyhedral formats. For the crystallinity results relative to the analyzed samples, there were no significant difference when compared to the reference samples. In the analysis of branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, genotype BGM0036 obtained results closer to the cassava waxy starch sample. The increase in temperature resulted in increased solubility and increased swelling power, except in BGM1773 which is the largest granule. Therefore, this study aimed at the selection and physical-chemical and morphological characterization of waxy-type starches from genotypes selected from the brazilian cassava germplasm bank.O amido ? um polissacar?deo, constitu?do de cadeias lineares (amilose) e cadeias ramificadas (amilopectina). O amido ceroso possui como caracter?stica um alto percentual de amilopectina (maior que 95%) em sua composi??o, podendo ser encontrado na natureza sem a necessidade de modifica??es qu?micas e gera??o de maiores res?duos; possui grande potencial de uso na ind?stria como agente espessante, com baixa retrograda??o. A mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) ? uma raiz tuberosa, nativa, amplamente cultivada nas regi?es tropicais, como na Am?rica Latina, sendo muito utilizada como fonte de amido. A Embrapa possui o banco de germoplasma da mandioca, a ser explorado na produ??o de amido para uso industrial, sendo de fundamental import?ncia novos conhecimentos relacionados ? caracteriza??o destes amidos como subs?dios na produ??o sustent?vel de novos ingredientes com propriedades tecnol?gicas diferenciadas. Sendo assim, a partir da pr?-sele??o de 803 gen?tipos do banco de germoplasma brasileiro de mandioca, utilizando a an?lise de componentes principais (ACP) e determina??o do melhor n?mero de grupos (NbClust) foi poss?vel a defini??o de 17 amidos de diferentes gen?tipos de mandioca que mais se aproximaram ? propriedade de pasta das amostras de amidos cerosos de mandioca de refer?ncia (7734-7WX e 7745-5WX). Ap?s sele??o dos gen?tipos de interesse foi realizada a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica destes amidos comparando-os, tamb?m, com amidos cerosos de milho (WX-Milho) e comercial, por meio das an?lises de determina??o de propriedades de pasta, microscopia eletr?nica de varredura, microscopia ?ptica, perfil de cristalinidade relativa, distribui??o do comprimento da cadeia ramificada da amilopectina, poder de inchamento e ?ndice de solubilidade. A an?lise dos resultados permitiu a identifica??o de gen?tipos com caracter?sticas pr?ximas ?s amostras cerosas de refer?ncia, como os gen?tipos BGM0975, BGM0996, BGM1733, BGM1884, BGM0083, BGM1637, BGM0995 por apresentarem baixa viscosidade no ciclo de resfriamento ou viscosidade de retrograda??o, sugerindo funcionalidade destes amidos similar aos amidos cerosos de refer?ncia para uso na ind?stria de sopas, cremes e bebidas, como agente espessante por apresentarem muito baixa retrograda??o. A an?lise morfol?gica permitiu a identifica??o de gr?nulos com formatos arredondados e di?metros similares, j? para os amidos ceroso de milho e comercial, formatos poli?dricos. Para os resultados de cristalinidade relativa ?s amostras analisadas n?o apresentaram diferen?as significativas quando comparadas ?s amostras de refer?ncia. Na an?lise de distribui??o do comprimento da cadeia ramificada da amilopectina, o gen?tipo BGM0036 obteve resultados mais pr?ximos ? amostra de amido ceroso de mandioca. O aumento da temperatura resultou no aumento da solubilidade e poder de inchamento, exceto em BGM1773 que ? o maior gr?nulo. Sendo assim, este estudo teve como objetivo a sele??o e a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados do banco de germoplasma brasileiro de mandioca.Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2021-08-31T17:33:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf: 2571655 bytes, checksum: 494d3902d24c6fc0d2e82ff95b8d707b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-31T17:33:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf: 2571655 bytes, checksum: 494d3902d24c6fc0d2e82ff95b8d707b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-26CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gicoapplication/pdfhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/66568/2018%20-%20Tha%c3%ads%20Barbosa%20dos%20Santos.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de AlimentosUFRRJBrasilInstituto de TecnologiaAmido de mandiocaamilopectinaamido cerosoviscosidade de pastadifra??o de raio-xCassava starchamylopectinwaxy starchpaste viscosityx-ray diffractionCi?ncia e Tecnologia de AlimentosCaracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz)Physicochemical and morphological characterization of waxy type starches of selected cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJinstname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)instacron:UFRRJTHUMBNAIL2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf.jpg2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg1943http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/jspui/4997/4/2018+-+Tha%C3%ADs+Barbosa+dos+Santos.pdf.jpgcc73c4c239a4c332d642ba1e7c7a9fb2MD54TEXT2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf.txt2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf.txttext/plain120406http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/jspui/4997/3/2018+-+Tha%C3%ADs+Barbosa+dos+Santos.pdf.txt3f21ed0d64b45521ec27cae153049667MD53ORIGINAL2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdf2018 - Tha?s Barbosa dos Santos.pdfapplication/pdf2571655http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/jspui/4997/2/2018+-+Tha%C3%ADs+Barbosa+dos+Santos.pdf494d3902d24c6fc0d2e82ff95b8d707bMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Physicochemical and morphological characterization of waxy type starches of selected cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes |
title |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
spellingShingle |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Santos, Tha?s Barbosa dos Amido de mandioca amilopectina amido ceroso viscosidade de pasta difra??o de raio-x Cassava starch amylopectin waxy starch paste viscosity x-ray diffraction Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos |
title_short |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
title_full |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
title_fullStr |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
title_sort |
Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) |
author |
Santos, Tha?s Barbosa dos |
author_facet |
Santos, Tha?s Barbosa dos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv |
004.412.587-26 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Caroline Mellinger |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Takeiti, Cristina Yoshie |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
132.073.567-37 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2059823383441501 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Tha?s Barbosa dos |
contributor_str_mv |
Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de Silva, Caroline Mellinger Takeiti, Cristina Yoshie |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Amido de mandioca amilopectina amido ceroso viscosidade de pasta difra??o de raio-x |
topic |
Amido de mandioca amilopectina amido ceroso viscosidade de pasta difra??o de raio-x Cassava starch amylopectin waxy starch paste viscosity x-ray diffraction Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Cassava starch amylopectin waxy starch paste viscosity x-ray diffraction |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos |
description |
Starch is a polysaccharide, consisting of linear chains (amylose) and branched chains (amylopectin). Waxy starch has a high percentage of amylopectin (greater than 95%) in its composition and can be found in nature without the need for chemical modifications and generation of residues; has a great potential of use in the industry as thickening agent, with low retrogradation. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a native tuberous root widely cultivated in tropical regions, as in Latin America, and is widely used as a source of starch. Embrapa has the cassava germplasm bank, to be exploited in the production of starch for industrial use, being of fundamental importance new knowledge related to the characterization of these starches as subsidies in the sustainable production of new ingredients with differentiated technological properties. Thus, from the pre-selection of 803 genotypes of the brazilian cassava germplasm bank, using principal component analysis (PCA) and determination of the best number of groups (NbClust), it was possible to define 17 starches of different genotypes of cassava starch that came closest to the paste properties of the reference cassava waxy starch (7734-7WX and 7745-5WX). After selection of the genotypes of interest, the physicochemical and morphological characterization of these starches was performed, comparing them with waxy maize starches (WX-Maize) and commercial starches by means of the determination of paste properties, electron microscopy scanning, optical microscopy, relative crystallinity, branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, swelling power and solubility index. The analysis of the results allowed the identification of genotypes with characteristics close to the reference waxy samples, such as genotypes BGM0975, BGM0996, BGM1733, BGM1884, BGM0083, BGM1637, BGM0995, because they have low viscosity in the cooling cycle or retrograde viscosity, suggesting the functionality of these starches similar to reference waxy starches, for use in the soups, creams and beverages industry, as thickening agents because they exhibit very low retrogradation. The morphological analysis allowed the identification of granules with rounded shapes and similar diameters, already for waxy maize starches and commercial maize starches, polyhedral formats. For the crystallinity results relative to the analyzed samples, there were no significant difference when compared to the reference samples. In the analysis of branched chain length distribution of amylopectin, genotype BGM0036 obtained results closer to the cassava waxy starch sample. The increase in temperature resulted in increased solubility and increased swelling power, except in BGM1773 which is the largest granule. Therefore, this study aimed at the selection and physical-chemical and morphological characterization of waxy-type starches from genotypes selected from the brazilian cassava germplasm bank. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-04-26 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-31T17:33:47Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SANTOS, Tha?s Barbosa dos. Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz). 2018. 49 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2018. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4997 |
identifier_str_mv |
SANTOS, Tha?s Barbosa dos. Caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e morfol?gica de amidos do tipo ceroso de gen?tipos selecionados de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz). 2018. 49 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2018. |
url |
https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4997 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFRRJ |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Instituto de Tecnologia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) |
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UFRRJ |
institution |
UFRRJ |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
bibliot@ufrrj.br||bibliot@ufrrj.br |
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