Efeito agudo do consumo de refeições ricas em carboidrato com alto ou baixo índice glicêmico sobre a qualidade do sono, ansiedade e humor de indivíduos treinados

• Autor(a) principal: Daniel, Natalia Vilela Silva [UNIFESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
• Texto Completo: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3699677; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47809
• topic: Sleep; Anxiety; Glycemic index; Athletes; Dietetics; Sono; Ansiedade; Índice glicêmico; Atletas; Dietética

Objective: To investigate the effect of the intake of high or low glycemic index (GI) highcarbohydrate-meals on parameters related to sleep quality and mood alterations of trained individuals. Subjects and methods: Nine basketball adult male athletes were assessed in two nights during a championship. For characterization of the study group, before the interventions, they were assessed through an anamnesis, dietary and anthropometric evaluation, sleep quality characterization (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire ? PSQI and issues related to their usual sleep pattern), glucose and lipid profiles (cholesterol and triglycerides). In a randomized crossover design, athletes received high-carbohydrate meals (dinner and evening snack) with high or low GI, for two consecutive nights, before basketball games, with post-prandial glycemic response monitoring. Satiety and sleepiness were assessed before and after dinner. For analysis of anxiety and mood the Competitive State Anxiety Iventory 2 short-form version (CSAI-2R), short-form version of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) were applied before dinner and in the subsequent morning, in both intervention days. The nights? quality of sleep was assessed by actigraphy and sleep diary (subjective evaluation of the night). Salivary cortisol and melatonin samples were collected on the night of dietary manipulation and in the subsequent morning. Results: Sleep quality in competition was not good. In both evaluated conditions most athletes had sleep latency [37,6 (22,0) minutes after high GI and 55,6 (46,8) after low GI] and WASO (wake after sleep onset) [52,3 (31,5) minutes after high GI and 43,6 (27,3) minutes after low GI] higher than the recommendations for healthy adults, and nocturnal sleep time [369,4 (74,9) minutes after high GI and 367,9 (56,7) minutes after low GI] below the recommended values. There was no difference between the studied variables according to GI dietary manipulations, however, correlations were observed between sleep, food, and mood parameters. It was observed that daily energy intake on the intervention days had negative correlation with sleep efficiency and nocturnal sleep time, and a positive correlation with WASO, regardless of the GI nocturnal meals. On the intervention day with nocturnal high GI meals there were associations between daily carbohydrate intake and fatigue (r=0,67; p=0,05), confusion (r=0,8; p=0,01), somatic anxiety (r=0,85; p=0,04) before sleep, and subjective sleep quality (QSS) (r=-0,73; p=0,03), while daily protein intake was negatively correlated with these same factors (r=-0,75, p=0,02 with fatigue; r=-0,78, p=0,01 with mental confusion; and r=-0,85, p=0,01 with somatic anxiety). The state anxiety before sleep was related with worse sleep quality [negative correlation with efficiency (r=-0,78; p=0,02) and QSS (r=-0,73; p=0,03), and positive correlation with WASO (r=0,78; p=0,02)]. As for the situation in which athletes consumed low GI meals, it was observed that carbohydrate intake (g/kg/day) positively correlated with WASO (r=0,88; p=0,01) and negatively with sleep efficiency (r=- 0,86; p=0,01) and sleepiness after dinner (r=-0,70; p=0,04). The consumption of this macronutrient was also negatively associated with melatonin secretion before sleep (r=-0,85; p=0,01), and the protein intake (g/kg/day) had a positive correlation with salivary melatonin collected before sleep (r=0,75; p=0,02). Conclusion: There was no difference between the evaluated parameters according to the GI consumed. These results suggest that more than the GI manipulation of dinner and evening snack on the night before a sport event, the food intake throughout the day seems to exert influence on parameters related to sleep and mood of basketball players. The complexity of the relationship between food consumption and the psychobiological and hormonal parameters evaluated reinforces the need for further studies related to the theme.