Potencial biotecnológico de rizóbios como bioemulsificante e biossorvente de cobre e cromo

• Autor(a) principal: Moretto, Cristiane [UNESP]
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UNESP
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/121844
• topic: Biopolimeros; Polissacarideos; Bacterias; Rizobio; Cobre; Cromo; Polysaccharides

The structures and some compounds produced by microorganisms have a high amount of charges such as, for example, cell wall and biopolymers. The exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of bacteria belonging to the order Rhizobiales have biopolymers that have been widely studied. The EPSs are molecules that have polar groups, this feature they are can to reduce the interfacial tension of water/oil and oil/water. The formation of emulsions is important factor for the biodegradation of oils and hydrocarbons. The charges present in the cell wall on the bacterial cells are predominantly of anionic in nature. These structures are capable of interacting strongly with metal ions and play an important role in sequestering or immobilization of ions in the environment. The application of the populations of rhizobia are interesting biotechnological tools in bioremediation process, these organisms do not present toxicity to health and the environment. Rhizobial isolates belonging to the Laboratory of Biochemistry of Plants and Microorganisms, FCAV / UNESP, four were chosen that demonstrated high gum production in vitro. This work aimed to investigate the potential of biotechnology of the isolates of Rhizobium spp. (SEMIA 4064 and JAB6) and two strains of Mesorhizobium spp. (LMG 6125 and LMG 11892), as biosorbents and bioemulsifiers. For the identification of the isolates were done sequencing of the gene 16S rRNA (1500pb). The production and application of these EPSs were studied as bioemulsifiers of oils and hydrocarbons. Investigating the monosaccharides composition and rheology of the EPSs. These isolates were explored for sensitivity of live cells and the process of removal of dead cells by copper ions (Cu2+) and chromium (Cr6+). The sequencing showed that the isolates LMG 6125 and LMG 11892 were not consistent with the genus and species previously described