Impacto Psicol?gico da Covid-19 numa Amostra da Popula??o Portuguesa: sua rela??o com personalidade, otimismo e estrat?gias de coping

• Autor(a) principal: Marques, Laura Maria Carreira
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Outros Autores: Sim?es, S?nia (Orientadora)
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ismt.pt/jspui/handle/123456789/1247
• topic: Covid-19 - Covid-19; Impacto psicol?gico - Psychological impact; Popula??o portuguesa - Portuguese population; Obsess?o e compuls?o pela limpeza - Obsession and compulsion of cleanliness; Fatores de personalidade - Personality factors; Otimismo - Optimism; Estrat?gias de coping - Coping strategies

Objetivos: Conscientes do impacto psicol?gico, relacional e social que a pandemia covid-19 est? a ter na popula??o portuguesa, temos como principal objetivo examinar a sa?de psicol?gica dos indiv?duos. S?o objetivos espec?ficos: 1) fazer uma an?lise descritiva dos comportamentos e perce??es face ? covid-19, sintomas psicopatol?gicos, obsess?o e compuls?o pela limpeza, fatores de personalidade, otimismo e estrat?gias de coping usadas; 2) estudar a associa??o entre sintomatologia psicopatol?gica, obsess?o e compuls?o pela limpeza, personalidade, otimismo e estrat?gias de coping; 3) analisar as diferen?as nos construtos em fun??o do sexo, idade, estado civil, habilita??es liter?rias, meio de resid?ncia, pr?tica de quarentena, presen?a de doen?as cr?nicas e perce??o sobre o impacto no futuro. Metodologia: A amostra ? de 2402 inquiridos, 86,8% do sexo feminino, com idades entre os 18 e os 81 anos (M = 36,80; DP = 11,80). O protocolo de estudo ? composto por: Question?rio Sociodemogr?fico, Invent?rio dos Cinco Fatores (NEO-FFI), Brief-Cope, Invent?rio dos Sintomas Psicopatol?gicos (BSI), Subescala Limpeza do Invent?rio de Obsess?es e Compuls?es (OCI-R) e Escala sobre o Otimismo. Resultados: O sexo feminino, jovens adultos, solteiros, com doen?as cr?nicas e o ensino b?sico apresentaram maior sintomatologia psicopatol?gica. As estrat?gias de coping mais usadas foram o coping ativo e o planear. Os sujeitos com mais medo quanto ao impacto da covid-19 evidenciaram mais sintomatologia psicopatol?gica e menos otimismo, sendo o n?vel elevado de neuroticismo e baixo de abertura ? experi?ncia associados a uma perce??o mais receosa do impacto futuro da covid-19. Por fim, a sintomatologia psicopatol?gica associou-se positivamente ? obsess?o e compuls?o pela limpeza e ao neuroticismo, e negativamente ao otimismo, extrovers?o, amabilidade, conscienciosidade e a estrat?gias de coping funcionais (coping-ativo, reinterpreta??o positiva, aceita??o, humor e planeamento). Conclus?o: Os resultados evidenciam a import?ncia de monitorizar a sa?de psicol?gica dos portugueses, no sentido de perceber o real impacto psicol?gico da covid-19, com vista ? defini??o de medidas de preven??o psicol?gica. O presente estudo sublinha a pertin?ncia de implementar interven??es psicol?gicas e terap?uticas, tendo em considera??o fatores sociodemogr?ficos, que possam minimizar o impacto desta pandemia na sa?de psicol?gica dos portugueses. / Goals: Aware of the psychological, relational and social impact that covid-19 pandemic is having on the Portuguese population, we have as main objective to examine the psychological health of individuals. The specific objectives are: 1) make a descriptive analysis of behaviors and perceptions towards covid-19, psychopathological symptoms, obsession and compulsion for cleanliness, personality factos, optimism and coping strategies used; 2) to study the association between psychopathological symptoms, obsession and compulsion for cleanliness, personality, optimism and coping strategies; 3) analyze the differences according to sex, age, marital status, educational qualifications, means of residence, quarantine practice, presence of chronic diseases and perception of the impacts in the future. Methodology: The sample consists of 2402 respondents, 86.8% female, aged between 18 and 81 years old (M = 36.80; SD = 11.80). The study protocol consists of Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Five Factors Inventory (NEO-FFI), Brief-Cope, Psychopathological Symptoms Inventory (BSI), Cleaning subscale from Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) and Optimism Scale. Results: The female sex, young adults, singles, with chronic diseases and basic education showed greater psychopathological symptoms. The most used coping strategies were active in coping and planning. Subjects with more fear about the impact of covid-19 showed more psychopathological symptoms and less optimism, with a high level of neuroticism and low level of openness to the experience, associated with a more fearful perception of the future impact of covid-19. Finally, psychopathological symptoms were positively associated with obsession and compulsion for cleanliness and neuroticism, and negatively with optimism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and functional coping strategies (active coping, positive reinterpretation, acceptance, humor and planning). Conclusion: The results show the importance of monitor the psychological health of the Portuguese people, in order to understand the real psychological impact of covid-19, to define psychological prevention measures. The study highlights the relevance of implementing psychological and therapeutic interventions, taking into account sociodemographic factors, which can minimize the impacts of this pandemic on the psychological health of the Portuguese.